{ "version": 1, "author": "Bimini Road", "tags": [ "Output" ], "description": "This is an audio output module with master volume control, DC blocking, overdrive, and channel-independent peak detection. Inside is a node-by-node tutorial explaining how it works.", "patch": { "id": "90a15e85-2709-4b37-8bda-bd641e363a78", "pan": { "x": -395.4005126953125, "y": -162.40142822265626 }, "zoom": 4.30088472366333, "nodes": [ { "type": "Patch", "id": "d144ce9f-5c39-443c-8fbb-e4ccd3606bb9", "position": { "x": 378.6505126953125, "y": 84.40142059326172 }, "subPatch": { "id": "3464b536-8a03-4b8e-b1be-cb03d83b6393", "pan": { "x": -89.72293090820313, "y": 7.4832305908203129 }, "zoom": 0.8740161061286926, "nodes": [ { "type": "Text", "id": "2cb5572a-bd01-4bbb-9be9-a9e847c46c2d", "position": { "x": 151.29103088378907, "y": -303.263427734375 }, "text": "This is identical to the above - replicated so that each channel can have an independent peak detector.", "width": 260.88702392578127 }, { "type": "Expr", "id": "4d9e657b-25f0-4354-9f1c-03f9d08ecf4b", "position": { "x": 296.8507080078125, "y": -271.510986328125 }, "expr": "1+(Timer*-1)" }, { "type": "Timer", "id": "938f0400-a4c5-44fe-9fac-f5a07006f0fb", "position": { "x": 201.22621154785157, "y": -272.00946044921877 } }, { "type": "Text", "id": "4dc7850a-165b-44e8-934d-b1e097a8c781", "position": { "x": 44.16444396972656, "y": 87.06770324707031 }, "text": "\"If the channel peaks, reset the timer.\"", "width": 174.1399688720703 }, { "type": "Mapper", "id": "3d5e0cba-67b7-4418-9bc5-826cdad84e01", "position": { "x": 518.4280395507813, "y": -334.45074462890627 }, "c0": 0.0, "c1": 0.215412437915802, "c2": 1.0 }, { "type": "Expr", "id": "f71d912c-3478-4f50-9a9a-f5acb31ce0e7", "position": { "x": 22.447616577148439, "y": -272.369873046875 }, "expr": "Input>1" }, { "type": "Text", "id": "380a40e7-a44c-4cf8-aaf7-f1d1c9f2b7f8", "position": { "x": 507.7491455078125, "y": -69.86709594726563 }, "text": "The mapper node takes the linear falling output from 1 to 0 and maps it to an exponential decrease. This makes the RGB Node behave more like hardware peak detectors, where a the capacitor that lights the LED discharges in an exponential fashion.", "width": 260.88702392578127 }, { "type": "Text", "id": "99cc5eaa-535f-4bfb-bd11-78b04ab9af8e", "position": { "x": 36.24259948730469, "y": 385.662353515625 }, "text": "Above is the name of the module, exposed on the front panel.", "width": 248.6120147705078 }, { "type": "Text", "id": "48080466-57a1-460c-b680-320a79225426", "position": { "x": 138.4170379638672, "y": -1.4205589294433594 }, "text": "The timer begins at 0 and increases in value by seconds indefinitely unless it is reset. The Timer is reset when it sees a non-zero positive value at its input.", "width": 260.88702392578127 }, { "type": "Text", "id": "34c51d5c-3a21-450e-a0c4-81c05a2f8b74", "position": { "x": 291.50146484375, "y": 217.37489318847657 }, "text": "This expression takes the output of the Timer and inverts it by multiplying it by -1. Instead of increasing, the Timer is now decreasing. 1+the inverted Timer output will begin at 1 and decrease. The timer will continue to go into the negative until the timer is reset again but, because the RGB Node only responds to positive numbers between 0 and 1, this doesn't matter.", "width": 226.73399353027345 }, { "type": "Input", "id": "eeab734b-68e4-4658-aa7b-beb3623b77ca", "position": { "x": -746.5560302734375, "y": -35.27654266357422 }, "name": "Right", "exposedPosition": { "x": 0.0, "y": -15.0 } }, { "type": "Mapper", "id": "16d14a90-dccc-46c2-b34a-e9ea7212bbed", "position": { "x": 518.1808471679688, "y": -44.33156204223633 }, "c0": 0.0, "c1": 0.215412437915802, "c2": 1.0 }, { "type": "Level", "id": "44e92049-e690-4e1f-b831-f0affac34bc8", "position": { "x": -485.9782409667969, "y": -34.73657989501953 }, "level": { "value": 0.5, "min": 0.0, "max": 1.0 } }, { "type": "Text", "id": "33422040-2356-4c3c-8492-4b4d8d09a408", "position": { "x": -888.352294921875, "y": -19.84954833984375 }, "text": "These are the Left and Right inputs. They are exposed on the front panel.", "width": 153.90687561035157 }, { "type": "Text", "id": "8b9b2edc-97b1-4f57-a612-ff32282fd4ac", "position": { "x": 85.17472839355469, "y": 417.2388916015625 }, "exposedPosition": { "x": -10.0, "y": 175.0 }, "text": "Audio Out", "width": 256.0 }, { "type": "Level", "id": "959129aa-3023-42c7-9926-a0d2ae402ce9", "position": { "x": -485.7058410644531, "y": -78.18106842041016 }, "level": { "value": 0.5, "min": 0.0, "max": 1.0 } }, { "type": "Timer", "id": "808d7ae5-f85d-4f78-a840-30a6f9e1814e", "position": { "x": 200.97901916503907, "y": 18.109737396240236 } }, { "type": "Knob", "id": "0cd43f13-c948-4dc7-a8ac-de48c6fa74b3", "position": { "x": -474.1475830078125, "y": 60.910335540771487 }, "name": "Volume", "knob": { "value": 0.5, "min": 0.0, "max": 1.0 }, "exposedPosition": { "x": 15.0, "y": 135.0 } }, { "type": "Input", "id": "178d1942-33e6-4df2-a5ef-b7a07a6196fb", "position": { "x": -741.66552734375, "y": -79.4913558959961 }, "name": "Left", "exposedPosition": { "x": 0.0, "y": 10.0 } }, { "type": "Text", "id": "d6c9f9db-3849-4446-a862-8ebbcdca48a8", "position": { "x": -573.8316650390625, "y": 159.0553436279297 }, "text": "This knob is on the front panel of the module. It is connected to two individual level nodes that feed the left and right channels of the Speaker node.", "width": 277.1890869140625 }, { "type": "Expr", "id": "3bc0a0d9-c936-4780-92eb-d2e220a3c4bd", "position": { "x": 296.603515625, "y": 18.608226776123048 }, "expr": "1+(Timer*-1)" }, { "type": "Text", "id": "af674179-fe44-49a8-bffe-5c84aba15c16", "position": { "x": 833.4814453125, "y": 22.312236785888673 }, "text": "This is the peak detector light for the Right channel - it is exposed on the front panel inside the boundary of the Right input.", "width": 260.88702392578127 }, { "type": "Expr", "id": "fd2280ae-4997-45dd-939a-1c17b5de9049", "position": { "x": 22.200424194335939, "y": 17.749324798583986 }, "expr": "Input>1" }, { "type": "Speaker", "id": "48fbdfb5-f693-4187-b6d8-acf1fe1b46a9", "position": { "x": 23.747024536132814, "y": -57.37112808227539 } }, { "type": "RGBLight", "id": "e02cf4b5-8cfd-45b6-a3b1-9f03352132ff", "position": { "x": 733.341064453125, "y": -39.830753326416019 }, "exposedPosition": { "x": 0.0, "y": -15.0 } }, { "type": "RGBLight", "id": "48a0ad17-5ad6-4a7a-b4c4-5c77e3ee26d0", "position": { "x": 735.661376953125, "y": -329.79949951171877 }, "exposedPosition": { "x": 0.0, "y": 10.0 } }, { "type": "Text", "id": "56a9a4ea-0534-4d73-baed-630583974b1b", "position": { "x": 29.929039001464845, "y": -86.9408950805664 }, "text": "This is the Speaker node. It is outputting to the Left and Right audio channels. In the standalone version of Audulus, this output is your speakers or headphones. When using Audulus with Audiobus, Aum, or DAWs, this audio output will continue in whatever chain of effects you have placed after it.", "width": 248.6120147705078 }, { "type": "Crossfade", "id": "ad825780-9056-4f55-ba61-783022aa93a5", "position": { "x": -133.414306640625, "y": -18.892383575439454 } }, { "type": "Crossfade", "id": "03109cca-5f2e-4e94-b278-7c0543a7cee2", "position": { "x": -135.54190063476563, "y": -156.58987426757813 } }, { "type": "Expr", "id": "e141adbd-8c23-4d07-9676-6eb2686a8f48", "position": { "x": -354.7333068847656, "y": -126.43256378173828 }, "expr": "tanh(Input*4)" }, { "type": "Knob", "id": "08c48a11-9db1-413e-bc37-be1f667e8b4a", "position": { "x": -169.04725646972657, "y": 167.614013671875 }, "name": "Overdrive", "knob": { "value": 0.5, "min": 0.0, "max": 1.0 }, "exposedPosition": { "x": 15.0, "y": 70.0 } }, { "type": "Text", "id": "46349bee-ac11-4a55-b1bb-2bcec03353e8", "position": { "x": -240.9686279296875, "y": 275.11212158203127 }, "text": "This knob fades between the A input (no overdrive) and the B input (full overdrive) for both channels.", "width": 231.60362243652345 }, { "type": "Text", "id": "d5044479-6493-45ec-9bd3-d3686fdf9e10", "position": { "x": -374.33203125, "y": -156.2052459716797 }, "text": "The tanh(x) expression is a simple soft clipping expression. Soft clipping is a kind of distortion that is similiar to transistor overdrive or tape saturation. As values approach +1 or -1, they are squeezed along the hypertangent, meaning they get close to but never actually reach 1 or -1. If they never reach (or go past) those values, they do no cause hard clipping distortion, which is when values exceed the -1 to +1 output range of Audulus (or exceed 0dB on your output meter). The tanh(x) soft clipping expression sounds very natural, especially for being such a simple expression. Its input is multiplied by 2 so that the distortion effect is more pronounced. Feel free to change this to another value - even *10 sounds great.", "width": 231.60362243652345 }, { "type": "Expr", "id": "29318336-4fea-4d97-8c35-44f59a3b8122", "position": { "x": -354.6597595214844, "y": 10.79926872253418 }, "expr": "tanh(Input*4)" }, { "type": "Text", "id": "bde689ae-9d29-49ff-a8f0-e0db35eb5ecd", "position": { "x": 837.1002807617188, "y": -255.9042510986328 }, "text": "This is the peak detector light for the Left channel - it is exposed on the front panel inside the boundary of the Left input.", "width": 260.88702392578127 }, { "type": "DCBlocker", "id": "36dd6e0d-9ad5-4bdb-aa53-e03b545cbb90", "position": { "x": -626.2886962890625, "y": -35.95822525024414 } }, { "type": "DCBlocker", "id": "dd2db4c1-6185-481c-ab82-33c697a06adc", "position": { "x": -626.3197021484375, "y": -78.63609313964844 } }, { "type": "Text", "id": "fae52ef0-7cba-4023-b193-8df7828d9a0a", "position": { "x": -629.20849609375, "y": -107.51748657226563 }, "text": "The DC Blocker node prevents any DC-offset audio from passing through to the Speaker node. If the speaker is fed a DC signal, the speaker is only being driven through half of its full cycle. This can result in distortion, especially when mixing direct and alternating signals.", "width": 153.90687561035157 } ], "wires": [ { "from": "938f0400-a4c5-44fe-9fac-f5a07006f0fb", "output": 0, "to": "4d9e657b-25f0-4354-9f1c-03f9d08ecf4b", "input": 0 }, { "from": "f71d912c-3478-4f50-9a9a-f5acb31ce0e7", "output": 0, "to": "938f0400-a4c5-44fe-9fac-f5a07006f0fb", "input": 0 }, { "from": "4d9e657b-25f0-4354-9f1c-03f9d08ecf4b", "output": 0, "to": "3d5e0cba-67b7-4418-9bc5-826cdad84e01", "input": 0 }, { "from": "03109cca-5f2e-4e94-b278-7c0543a7cee2", "output": 0, "to": "f71d912c-3478-4f50-9a9a-f5acb31ce0e7", "input": 0 }, { "from": "3bc0a0d9-c936-4780-92eb-d2e220a3c4bd", "output": 0, "to": "16d14a90-dccc-46c2-b34a-e9ea7212bbed", "input": 0 }, { "from": "36dd6e0d-9ad5-4bdb-aa53-e03b545cbb90", "output": 0, "to": "44e92049-e690-4e1f-b831-f0affac34bc8", "input": 0 }, { "from": "0cd43f13-c948-4dc7-a8ac-de48c6fa74b3", "output": 0, "to": "44e92049-e690-4e1f-b831-f0affac34bc8", "input": 1 }, { "from": "dd2db4c1-6185-481c-ab82-33c697a06adc", "output": 0, "to": "959129aa-3023-42c7-9926-a0d2ae402ce9", "input": 0 }, { "from": "0cd43f13-c948-4dc7-a8ac-de48c6fa74b3", "output": 0, "to": "959129aa-3023-42c7-9926-a0d2ae402ce9", "input": 1 }, { "from": "fd2280ae-4997-45dd-939a-1c17b5de9049", "output": 0, "to": "808d7ae5-f85d-4f78-a840-30a6f9e1814e", "input": 0 }, { "from": "808d7ae5-f85d-4f78-a840-30a6f9e1814e", "output": 0, "to": "3bc0a0d9-c936-4780-92eb-d2e220a3c4bd", "input": 0 }, { "from": "ad825780-9056-4f55-ba61-783022aa93a5", "output": 0, "to": "fd2280ae-4997-45dd-939a-1c17b5de9049", "input": 0 }, { "from": "03109cca-5f2e-4e94-b278-7c0543a7cee2", "output": 0, "to": "48fbdfb5-f693-4187-b6d8-acf1fe1b46a9", "input": 0 }, { "from": "ad825780-9056-4f55-ba61-783022aa93a5", "output": 0, "to": "48fbdfb5-f693-4187-b6d8-acf1fe1b46a9", "input": 1 }, { "from": "16d14a90-dccc-46c2-b34a-e9ea7212bbed", "output": 0, "to": "e02cf4b5-8cfd-45b6-a3b1-9f03352132ff", "input": 0 }, { "from": "3d5e0cba-67b7-4418-9bc5-826cdad84e01", "output": 0, "to": "48a0ad17-5ad6-4a7a-b4c4-5c77e3ee26d0", "input": 0 }, { "from": "44e92049-e690-4e1f-b831-f0affac34bc8", "output": 0, "to": "ad825780-9056-4f55-ba61-783022aa93a5", "input": 0 }, { "from": "29318336-4fea-4d97-8c35-44f59a3b8122", "output": 0, "to": "ad825780-9056-4f55-ba61-783022aa93a5", "input": 1 }, { "from": "08c48a11-9db1-413e-bc37-be1f667e8b4a", "output": 0, "to": "ad825780-9056-4f55-ba61-783022aa93a5", "input": 2 }, { "from": "959129aa-3023-42c7-9926-a0d2ae402ce9", "output": 0, "to": "03109cca-5f2e-4e94-b278-7c0543a7cee2", "input": 0 }, { "from": "e141adbd-8c23-4d07-9676-6eb2686a8f48", "output": 0, "to": "03109cca-5f2e-4e94-b278-7c0543a7cee2", "input": 1 }, { "from": "08c48a11-9db1-413e-bc37-be1f667e8b4a", "output": 0, "to": "03109cca-5f2e-4e94-b278-7c0543a7cee2", "input": 2 }, { "from": "959129aa-3023-42c7-9926-a0d2ae402ce9", "output": 0, "to": "e141adbd-8c23-4d07-9676-6eb2686a8f48", "input": 0 }, { "from": "44e92049-e690-4e1f-b831-f0affac34bc8", "output": 0, "to": "29318336-4fea-4d97-8c35-44f59a3b8122", "input": 0 }, { "from": "eeab734b-68e4-4658-aa7b-beb3623b77ca", "output": 0, "to": "36dd6e0d-9ad5-4bdb-aa53-e03b545cbb90", "input": 0 }, { "from": "178d1942-33e6-4df2-a5ef-b7a07a6196fb", "output": 0, "to": "dd2db4c1-6185-481c-ab82-33c697a06adc", "input": 0 } ] } } ], "wires": [] }, "history": { "states": [ { "id": "407b0f94-4ba7-4d8c-ab81-50f57eeb4254" } ], "current": "407b0f94-4ba7-4d8c-ab81-50f57eeb4254" }, "undoStack": { "stack": [ "407b0f94-4ba7-4d8c-ab81-50f57eeb4254" ], "current": 0 } }